STAR TSP 100 thermal printer with CUPS

Pre-requisites

We'll need CUPS, which is likely easiest to install through your distribution's package manager thanks to its ubiquity. There's a good chance you might already have it installed if you've ever printed anything.

We can use the ppdi command that comes with CUPS to install the PPD file for the STAR printer.

Building the driver

Download and extract the driver tarball. Then navigate down through to

Linux/CUPS/Star_CUPS_Driver-3.12.0_linux/SourceCode/Star_CUPS_Driver

extracting tarballs as you go. A simple make command in this directory should do everything we need it to do, and create an install directory. It builds and copies more than we need, so we can manually install a subset with

cp rastertostar /usr/lib/cups/filter/
ppdi ./tsp143.ppd

The /usr/lib/cups/filter/ directory should be the standard place to install CUPS filters, but check for your distribution. If all worked, the following command should list the PPD driver we just installed:

$ lpinfo -m | grep tsp
lsb/usr/cupsfilters/tsp143.ppd Star TSP100 Cutter

Adding the printer as a CUPS device

Connect the printer and power on the device. lpinfo -v should list all printer sources your computer knows about, and under usb you should see your STAR printer

$ lpinfo -v | grep usb
direct usb://Star/TSP143%20(STR_T-001)

To add a new printer device, run

lpadmin -p STAR -E \
    -v 'usb://Star/TSP143%20(STR_T-001)' \
    -m 'lsb/usr/cupsfilters/tsp143.ppd'

This command will likely print a deprecation warning:

lpadmin: Printer drivers are deprecated and will stop working in a future version of CUPS.

We can just ignore this. Note that we have to give the full path to the PPD driver as listed by lpinfo -m. Else you'll get some kind of generic "PPD not found" error.

To quickly explain the flags:

• -p STAR names the printer STAR.
• -E is probably not needed as it's to do with enabling TLS, and since this is a USB printer it's redundant, though I've left it in as I haven't been able to test adding the printer without it yet.
• -v DEVICE specifies the device URI.
• -m MODEL the model of the printer.

Listing the printers can be done with

$ lpstat -p -d
printer STAR is idle.  enabled since Mon 18 Mar 2024 10:59:17 GMT

If the rastertostar filter was installed in the wrong place, you'll get an error message about that when using lpstat. Fortunately the error tells you exactly where it's expecting the filter to be, so it's just as matter of moving it there.

Printing Hello World

The test print:

echo "Hello World" | lp -d STAR

This will print a small slice of paper with "Hello World" in a relatively large font.

To list all of the printer specific options you have available, use lpoptions, for example:

lpoptions -p STAR -l

Options like DocCutType and PageCutType are quite interesting, as they allow you to send multiple items to the printer without invoking the cut function. To use one, try

echo "Hello World" | lp -d STAR -o DocCutType=0NoCutDoc

This should print "Hello World" without cutting the page.

Other general options that are useful are the character per inch and lines per inch (cpi and lpi respectively), that let you play around with font sizes in a rudimentary way. I usually write a little test script to loop over values and see which ones I like

sizes=(8 10 12 14 16 18)
for CPI in "${sizes[@]}"; do
    for LPI in "${sizes[@]}"; do
        echo "Hello World cpi=$CPI lpi=$LPI" | lp \
            -o DocCutType=0NoCutDoc -o cpi=$CPI -o lpi=$LPI
    done
done

Printing images uses the CUPS image to raster, raster to STAR pipeline, and can be done by just passing the image file to the printer, e.g.

lp -p STAR ./test-image.jpg

Printing images is a bit of a dark art, as the printer seems to do everything it can do reorient the image against your wishes. I've found the only reliable way to get things in the right orientation is to export the image with whitespace in some X by Y pixel configuration where Y > X.

Happy printing!

Further reading

Some additional links that I've found useful:

• Developing PostScript Printer Drivers